\u4ece2019\u5e743\u6708\u76f4\u81f32022\u5e747\u6708\u5e95\u6211\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u8087\u5e86\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u4efb\u6559\u30022020\u5e741\u6708\u6211\u4ece\u8087\u5e86\u56de\u4e61\uff08\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\uff09\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u5bd2\u5047\uff0c\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u6bc1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u7b56\u5212\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff01\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u76f8\u5f53\u957f\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u8bd5\u56fe\u5206\u4eab\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5728\u7ebf\u6388\u8bfe\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u5b66\u4e60(\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u6211\u5c06\u5206\u4eab\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6307\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Prelude to the online teaching stint \u7f51\u7edc\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u5e8f\u5e55<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
With the new semester fast approaching, in late January 2020 I received instructions from the International Office of ZQU to NOT return to campus<\/strong>. I guess we were luckier than most as I was able to cancel my wife’s and my AirAsia tickets on time to get a refund. By late February 2020, all my Taiwanese colleagues who had gone home (Taiwan) for the winter break and yours truly were getting anxious. One of our China colleagues, Mr. Yan Dan Feng was even stuck at his home town near Wuhan, the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak. We all really did pray from his (and his family’s) safety!<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u968f\u7740\u65b0\u5b66\u671f\u7684\u4e34\u8fd1\uff0c2020\u5e741\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\uff0c\u6211\u63a5\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u6821\u56fd\u9645\u5904\u7684\u6307\u793a\uff1a\u4e0d\u5f97\u56de\u6821\u56ed\uff01<\/strong> \u6211\u60f3\u6211\u548c\u6211\u201d\u53e6\u4e00\u534a\u201c\u6bd4\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5361\u5728\u4e61\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u5e78\u8fd0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u80fd\u591f\u53ca\u65f6\u53d6\u6d88\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e9a\u822a\u673a\u7968\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u9000\u6b3e\u3002\u5230\u4e862020\u5e742\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u6211\u6821\u6240\u6709\u56de\u4e61\u8fc7\u5bd2\u5047\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u672c\u4eba\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u7126\u8651\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e25\u4e39\u5cf0\u5148\u751f\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u56f0\u5728\u4f4d\u4e8e\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e\u75ab\u60c5\u4e25\u91cd\u533a\u7684\u6b66\u6c49\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u771f\u7684\u4e3a\u4ed6\uff08\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\uff09\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7948\u7977\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n Finally, in early March 2020, with students and many staff not being allowed to return to the campus the leadership of ZQU finally received the green light from the power that be to allow all classes of the new semester (Spring 2020) to be delivered online. The scrambles for gears and internet bandwidth began at every academic’s and student’s household.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u57282020\u5e743\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u8bb8\u591a\u6559\u5de5\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd4\u56de\u6821\u56ed\uff0c\u6211\u6821\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u201c\u7eff\u706f\u201d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u65b0\u5b66\u671f\uff082020\u5e74\u6625\uff09\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5728\u7ebf\u6388\u8bfe\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6559\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u4e89\u593a\u4e5f\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n It happened that both Mr. Yan Dan Feng and I were assigned to teach the same course (\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u6982\u8bba – Introduction to Management Science<\/em>) to two different classes. To make life easier for both of us, Mr. Yan and I had decided to merge the two classes (luckily the two classes’ respective timetables did not clash). I would be doing the lecturing while Mr. Yan would be working behind the “scene” to trouble shoot and observe students’ performance. Prior to this, with the help of the class leaders (yes we did have class monitors\u73ed\u957f; class learning committee members\u5b66\u59d4; and class discipline committee members\u7eaa\u59d4) we had sorted out the online chat groups for classes in the platforms described below. So communicating with our students was more or less settled, so we thought!<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u78b0\u5de7\u57282020\u5e743\u6708\u6211\u548c\u4e25\u4e39\u5cf0\u5148\u751f\u90fd\u88ab\u6392\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u73ed\u7684\u6559\u540c\u4e00\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u6982\u8bba\u201c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6211\u4eec\u4fe9\u51b3\u5b9a\u5408\u5e76\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u73ed\uff08\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u73ed\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u6ca1\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\uff09\u3002\u6211\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bb2\u8bfe\uff0c\u800c\u4e25\u8001\u5e08\u5219\u5728\u201c\u5e55\u540e\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u9879\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u73ed\u7684\u73ed\u957f\/\u5b66\u59d4\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5e73\u53f0\u4e2d\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u804a\u5929\u7fa4\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4ea4\u6d41\u8bfe\u9898\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u90fd\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u548c\u4e25\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u800c\u5df2\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n Imagine this scene <\/strong><\/em>\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/em><\/strong>:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/a> <\/a> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n The first class was chaotic to say the least. The first 30 minutes of class was “eventless”. We started a few minutes late as my teaching partner and I had to do a headcount of the number of students who signed in on our two classes. Luckily DingTalk allowed the “merging” of the two class groups into one for direct broadcast of my lecture. Hence we saved a lot of work in this merging so that my teaching partner could “supervise” the students and monitor them while I concentrated on the delivery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6211\u4eec\u7f51\u8bfe\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5802\u8bfe\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u86ee\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u3002\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7684\u593430\u5206\u949f\u201c\u6ce2\u6f9c\u4e0d\u60ca\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u8fdf\u4e86\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u5f00\u8bfe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u548c\u4e25\u8001\u5e08\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6e05\u70b9\u4e24\u4e2a\u73ed\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9489\u9489\u5728\u76f4\u64ad\u5e73\u53f0\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u201d\u5408\u62fc\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u64ad\u6d41\u7684\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u5408\u5e76\u4e2d\u8282\u7701\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e25\u8001\u5e08\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u201c\u76d1\u7763\u201d\u5b66\u751f\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u5219\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u6f14\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Then our trouble started: some of the students reported that they were unable to get a good connection to DingTalk and on my end, with my own monitoring, I was informed by DingTalk that the connection I had was shaky. Thus collectively, Mr. Yan and I (with the help of the leaders of the two classes) had to inform our lot to “switch to QQ Chat Group”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\uff1a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5b66\u751f\u62a5\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u9489\u9489\u3002\u5728\u6211\u8fd9\u8fb9\uff0c\u6211\u63a5\u5230\u9489\u9489\u7cfb\u7edf\u62a5\u544a\u8bf4\u6211\u4e0e\u9489\u9489\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e25\u8001\u5e08\u548c\u6211(\u5728\u4e24\u73ed\u7684\u73ed\u957f\/\u5b66\u59d4\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b)\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u901a\u77e5\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u201c\u5207\u6362\u5230QQ\u804a\u5929\u7ec4\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n So we continued on QQ Group Chat direct broadcast (it was more like video group chat). The thing was, on QQ unlike DingTalk, I could not mute the microphones of the students. Despite Mr. Yan’s urging at the “back” of the online class for everyone to “mute your mic”, during the 90 minutes class, we had many instances of interfering sounds: door slamming, people talking, traffic noise. It was to be expected as our students were all stuck at home, some would have to share facilities with siblings etc. Compound this issue with the fact that not all students were having access to stable and good internet connections and most had to use their mobile phones to attend classes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728QQ\u7fa4\u4e0a\u804a\u5929\u76f4\u64ad\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u89c6\u9891\u7fa4\u804a\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5728QQ\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u9489\u9489\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u9759\u97f3\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e25\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8bfe\u5802\u7684\u201c\u540e\u9762\u201d\u6566\u4fc3\u5927\u5bb6\u201c\u628a\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u9759\u97f3\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u572890\u5206\u949f\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u542c\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5e72\u6270\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff1a\u5f00\u95e8\u58f0\u3001\u8bf4\u8bdd\u58f0\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u566a\u97f3\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u88ab\u56f0\u5728\u5bb6\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u540c\u5b66\u5c06\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b9\u7b49\u5171\u7528\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u673a\u4e0a\u8bfe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nevertheless, we were still able to carry on with our class. Then our next major trouble started!<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0a\u8bfe\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u9ebb\u70e6\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n One of the female students decided to read her Chinese literature lesson out loud in my online class. Reading out loud is one way of learning Chinese literature but one would be well advised to do it when one is in solitude! So we had 80 students in the online class, 79 of whom was tuned in to my class with one blabbing away and “fighting” with me for the attention of her course mates! Despite my repeated requests to my students to “check your mic and mute your mic NOW<\/strong>“, the blabbing female student was not listening and she continued! It took the combined efforts of Mr. Yan and our class leaders a good 15 minutes to locate this “blabbing” person! So my “reserve” platform was not a viable alternative after all!<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u540d\u5973\u751f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5728\u6211\u7684\u7f51\u4e0a\u8bfe\u4e0a\u5927\u58f0\u6717\u8bfb\u5979\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u5b66\u8bfe\u4ef6\u3002\u5927\u58f0\u6717\u8bfb\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u597d\u662f\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u72ec\u5904\u65f6\u505a\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u670980\u4f4d\u5728\u7ebf\u7684\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d79\u4eba\u7528\u5fc3\u4e0a\u6211\u7684\u7f51\u8bfe\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0e\u6211\u5728\u5438\u5f15\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e0a\u201c\u7ade\u4e89\u201d\uff01\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4e00\u518d\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u201c\u68c0\u67e5\u4f60\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u9759\u97f3<\/strong>\u201c\uff0c\u5728\u6717\u8bfb\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u6ca1\u5728\u542c\uff0c\u5979\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u6717\u8bfb\uff01\u4e25\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e24\u73ed\u73ed\u957f\u548c\u5b66\u59d4\u82b1\u4e86\u6574\u657415\u5206\u949f\u624d\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6717\u8bfb\u5973\u751f\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u7684\u201c\u540e\u5907\u201d\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c QQ\u7fa4\u804a\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n At that time (March 2020) Rain Classroom did not have a working live broadcast function, and I should have used Tencent Meeting (\u817e\u8baf\u4f1a\u8bae) as the backup. Lesson learned!<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5f53\u65f6\uff082020\u5e743\u6708\uff09\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u65f6\u76f4\u64ad\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u817e\u8baf\u4f1a\u8bae\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5907\u9009\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u6211\u53c8\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u8bfe\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n In addition, March 2020 was the time when all educational institutions in China (from primary all the way to tertiary institutions) were teaching their students online. Bandwidth and other internet resources were stretched to the limits. Hiccups were to be expected. But true to the efficiency in which China technology companies were operating, most obliged to contribute during the nation’s critical needs and solved most technical glitches effectively. Hence within a few days most of these hiccups were more or less ironed out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6b64\u5916\uff0c2020\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\uff08\u4ece\u5c0f\u5b66\u5230\u9ad8\u6821\uff09\u90fd\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8d44\u6e90\u88ab\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u9650\u3002\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\u662f\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u9700\u6c42\u671f\u95f4\u90fd\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u505a\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6280\u672f\u6545\u969c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u51e0\u5929\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n It was August 2020. All my Taiwanese colleagues received the order to return campus (subject to quarantine measures — this was a nightmare for many at the start, being “caged up” for weeks etc.). By then, my Zhaoqing City resident permit had expired. I needed a special letter of invitation from the provincial authority to get an entry visa. That took over 10 weeks to obtain. When this letter finally arrived, my rush to the Kuala Lumpur China Embassy’s visa centre proved to be fruitless – the nice manager at the visa centre advised us that the China authority were closing the boarder and even if we could get our visa, there were few flights (that cost at least \u00a59,000 or around MYR5,625, but mostly in the \u00a535,000 range for chartered flights) available. So I had to break the bad news to my colleague at the International Office of ZQU taking care of my case, Ms Zeng. All her great efforts in rushing around and chasing the special invitation letter for me was wasted!<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5230\u4e862020\u5e748\u6708\uff0c \u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u671f\u7684\u5f00\u542f\u3002\u6211\u6821\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u540c\u4e8b\u90fd\u63a5\u5230\u4e86\u8fd4\u56de\u6821\u56ed\u7684\u547d\u4ee4(\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u53d7\u9694\u79bb\u63aa\u65bd–\u8fd9\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u5669\u68a6\uff0c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u88ab\u201c\u5173\u201d\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49)\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u8087\u5e86\u5e02\u5c45\u7559\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u671f\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u9700\u8981\u7701\u7ea7\u4e3b\u7ba1\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u7279\u522b\u9080\u8bf7\u51fd\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u51fd\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u4e86\u5341\u591a\u5468\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u529e\u59a5\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u6700\u7ec8\u5230\u8fbe\u6211\u624b\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5306\u5fd9\u8d76\u5230\u5409\u9686\u5761\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u6211\u6025\u9700\u7684\u7ed3\u679c—-\u7b7e\u8bc1\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u7ecf\u7406\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u5c40\u6b63\u5728\u5173\u95ed\u5176\u8fb9\u5883\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u62ff\u5230\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u822a\u73ed(\u81f3\u5c11\u82b1\u8d39\u00a59000\u6216\u7ea6\u9a6c\u5e015625\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u5305\u673a\u822a\u73ed\u5176\u673a\u7968\u5927\u591a\u5728\u00a53.5\u4e07\u5143\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185)\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u628a\u8fd9\u574f\u6d88\u606f\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u6821\u56fd\u9645\u5904\u5904\u7406\u6211\u7684\u6848\u5b50\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u66fe\u8001\u5e08\u3002\u5979\u4e3a\u6211\u5954\u6ce2\u8ffd\u9010\u8fd9\u5c01\u7279\u522b\u9080\u8bf7\u4fe1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u52aa\u529b\u90fd\u767d\u8d39\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n I was fortunate to have very accommodating and kind leaders at my School of Life Sciences. The leadership took up my case to the power that be at ZQU and convinced them to grant me the privilege of being the only academic staff (one out of 2000) to be allowed to continue to teach online. Of course there were many rules \/arrangements that I had to adhere to. Some of these were:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e78\u8fd0\uff0c\u6211\u9662\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u548c\u853c\u53ef\u4eb2\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u73ed\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u9662\u9886\u5bfc\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u6073\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u670d\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u7ed9\u4e88\u6211\u6559\u5b66\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u6210\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5b88\u8bb8\u591a\u89c4\u5219\/\u5b89\u6392\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n I fully agreed and endorsed the Academic Affairs Office’s views on the conduct of my online classes. My students’ learning experience must not differ too much from “truly” face-to-face delivered classes. In shorts, they must not be disadvantaged on my account. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u610f\u5e76\u8d5e\u540c\u6559\u52a1\u5904\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201d\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u6388\u8bfe\u6709\u592a\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u800c\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5229\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n With the mandate from my School and ZQU, I then set about re-adapting my lectures to ensure that I had a fair chance of fulfilling (surpassing) the basic requirements laid down for me to deliver my classes online. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6709\u4e86\u5b66\u9662\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u91cd\u65b0\u8c03\u6574\u6211\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u6709\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08\u5e76\u8d85\u8d8a\uff09\u6211\u5728\u7ebf\u6388\u8bfe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n One major flaw of online delivery compared to face-to-face classes is the lack of a “feedback” from your students. If you cannot “see” and “hear” them, it is very hard to gauge your students’ engagement and attentiveness. The presence of my colleague as class supervisor (\u76d1\u7763\u8001\u5e08\uff09would just ensure that there were discipline in the class. I would need to find ways to engage my students. If not it would be easier for them just to watch a pre-recorded video of my lectures! <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e0e\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u6388\u8bfe\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5728\u7ebf\u6388\u8bfe\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6765\u81ea\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u201c\u53cd\u9988\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u201c\u770b\u5230\u201d\u548c\u201c\u542c\u5230\u201d\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u8861\u91cf\u4f60\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u5bf9\u4f60\u8bfe\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002\u76d1\u7763\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ea\u4f1a\u786e\u4fdd\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u6709\u7eaa\u5f8b\u3002\u6211\u9700\u8981\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u5438\u5f15\u6211\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u5982\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5\u6211\u4e8b\u5148\u5f55\u597d\u7684\u8bb2\u8bfe\u89c6\u9891\u5c31\u7b97\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n The inventors of Rain Classroom from Tsinghua University must have heard the collective prayers of many teaching staff like yours truly. They invented an add-on to foster in-class engagement for presentation slides that can also be adapted for online delivered classes. This add-on, Rain Classroom was easily installed (on PowerPoint as well as WPS) and more importantly was very user-friendly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u201c\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u201d\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u4eec\u4e00\u5b9a\u542c\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u50cf\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u4eec\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u8bc9\u6c42\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u63d2\u4ef6\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u8be5\u63d2\u4ef6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5728\u7ebf\u6388\u8bfe\u3002\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5b89\u88c5\uff08PowerPoint\u4ee5\u53caWPS\uff09\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n I therefore set out to add at least four but mostly 5 – 6 in-class quiz questions in every lecture. I made all these quiz questions carry marks towards the “class participation and usual grade” (\u73ed\u4e0a\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u5e73\u65f6\u6210\u7ee9\uff09segment of the final result. To excite the students a bit more I even, for some of my classes, put up “hong bao – \u7ea2\u5305” – a small red-packet of e-money for the top scorers for every session. Rain Classroom would generate these data at the end of each class with a chart showing who were the top three scorers of a session. I would post this data to our DingTalk chat group at the end of each lecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u6bcf\u5802\u8bfe\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u5c114\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f5-6\u9898\u8bfe\u5802\u6d4b\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u6d4b\u9a8c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f97\u5206\u7eb3\u5165\u6700\u540e\u6210\u7ee9\u7684\u201c\u73ed\u4e0a\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u5e73\u65f6\u6210\u7ee9\u201c\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u66f4\u5174\u594b\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u73ed\u7ea7\u91cc\uff0c\u8d34\u4e0a\u4e86\u201c\u5c0f\u7ea2\u5305\u201d–\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u5956\u52b1\u6bcf\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe\u5f97\u5206\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5934\u4e09\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u3002\u201c\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u201d\u5c06\u5728\u6bcf\u8282\u8bfe\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u8868\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u8c01\u662f\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe\u7684\u524d\u4e09\u540d\u5f97\u5206\u8005\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9489\u9489\u804a\u5929\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n This “leaderboard” gave an element of competition and thus help to gamify my lectures a little. The most important thing was, with these set up, I ensured some sort of engagement from my students. In addition, these in-class quiz question and the scoring also helped in making sure students were learning progressively and we were not relying on one final examination to verify the learning attained by students (a practice that I, as an educator would try to avoid if possible). Rain Classroom also has a very effective way to log in students’ activity. Hence I would require all students to log into system using a link that I would provide at the start of each class. If you are not signed in, you will be considered as “absent”. Of course in a few odd cases (students forgot to bring their mobile phone to class; mobile phone missing \/ damaged) I would take note of the class leader’s verification and marked this lot as “present”. However, this lot would not be able to take part in the in-class quiz (and was destined to lose the marks for these too).<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u9886\u961f\u677f\u201d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6211\u7684\u8bb2\u8bfe\u6709\u70b9\u6e38\u620f\u5316\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u6211\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bfe\u5802\u6d4b\u9a8c\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5206\u6570\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u5b66\u751f\u9010\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u9760\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u671f\u672b\u8003\u8bd5\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b66\u751f\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u7ee9(\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5)\u3002\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u6bcf\u8282\u8bfe\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u6211\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b66\u751f\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u7b7e\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u7f3a\u5e2d\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5947\u602a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b(\u5982\u5b66\u751f\u5fd8\u4e86\u5e26\u624b\u673a\u6765\u4e0a\u8bfe\uff1b\u624b\u673a\u4e22\u5931\/\u635f\u574f\u7b49\u7b49)\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u73ed\u957f\u7684\u6838\u5b9e\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u6279\u4eba\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u201c\u5728\u573a\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6279\u4eba\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bfe\u5802\u6d4b\u9a8c(\u800c\u4e14\u6ce8\u5b9a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u5931\u53bb\u5206\u6570)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n The “randomness” in the appearance of the in-class quiz questions also served one good purpose: students would have to pay attention as they would not be forewarned when my question would spring up. As the duration for answering these questions was 2 -3 minutes on average, looking up the answers on the internet would not be facilitated. With these in-class quizzes I achieved one thing that mattered most – keeping students on their toes, well most of the times!<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8bfe\u5802\u6d4b\u9a8c\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ca\u5176\u201c\u968f\u673a\u6027\u201d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u5c06\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u9884\u5148\u8b66\u544a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e73\u5747\u4e3a2-3\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u67e5\u627e\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u7684\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff0c\u6211\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5–\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u89c9\uff0c\u8fd9\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n So within a couple of lessons all my students taking my classes online learned the drill \u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u51e0\u8282\u8bfe\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e0a\u6211\u7f51\u8bfe\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9 : –><\/p>\n\n\n\n Although we only needed the class leader to log into DingTalk on the classroom PC to ensure that my live broadcast was projected to the large screen for everyone’s viewing, other students could also log into DingTalk during class to communicate with me (and the rest of the people who had signed in) . <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u73ed\u957f\u5728\u6559\u5ba4\u7684\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u767b\u5f55\u9489\u9489\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u7684\u76f4\u64ad\u88ab\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u8bfe\u5ba4\u7684\u5927\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u4f9b\u6bcf\u4f4d\u5b66\u751f\u89c2\u770b\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u751f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u767b\u5f55\u9489\u9489\u4e0e\u6211\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u540c\u5b66\uff09\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n One of the best features of DingTalk is its ability to record and archive all online classes (if one chooses to do so). I would not mind letting my students re-watch the recorded broadcast as some of the points I raised might need a student to look at it a few times to grasp. The recorded classes would also ensure that students who took leave had a chance to learn what they missed out (of course they would not score marks on the in-class quiz). So at the end of each lecture, I would publish my recorded lecture and post the relevant link to the class’s DingTalk group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9489\u9489\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5b58\u6863\u6240\u6709\u5728\u7ebf\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff08\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u88ab\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u4ecb\u610f\u8ba9\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u904d\u5f55\u5236\u7684\u76f4\u64ad\u4f5c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u751f\u591a\u770b\u51e0\u904d\u624d\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u3002\u5f55\u5236\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e5f\u5c06\u786e\u4fdd\u8bf7\u5047\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e60\u4ed6\u4eec\u9519\u8fc7\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5f97\u5206\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u8282\u8bfe\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u5f55\u5236\u7684\u76f4\u64ad\u4f9b\u5b66\u751f\u89c2\u770b\u56de\u64ad\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u63a5\u53d1\u5230\u73ed\u7ea7\u7684\u9489\u9489\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Unlike some of my fellow educators, I have no issue for my students having a copy of my PowerPoint presentation used in class. Rain Classroom has a function that I could “enable” to ensure that my students could review the lecture presentation slides. This feature coupled with the recorded class lecture would help student in their revision immensely (how I wish I had these during my student days!). These same features also enabled students who were unable to attend my class, to view the re-play along with the presentation slides so as to catch up with the course. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba9\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4f7f\u7528\u6211\u8bfe\u4e0aPowerPoint\u6f14\u793a\u6587\u7a3f\u662f\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u5c31\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u6253\u5f00\u201d\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6f14\u793a\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\u6765\u590d\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5f55\u5236\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u5c06\u6781\u5927\u5730\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u751f\u590d\u4e60(\u6211\u591a\u4e48\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff01) \u3002\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e5f\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0a\u6211\u8bfe\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u968f\u540c\u6f14\u793a\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\u4e00\u8d77\u89c2\u770b\u91cd\u64ad\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d76\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n I knew back in May 2020 that the most important gear that I had to procure was a semi-professional microphone. The interferences picked up by the cheap old mic were just too much to bear. But at the height of the Movement Control Order in Malaysia (where there was almost a blanket restriction on movement of people nationwide for weeks), getting geared up even with online purchasing was a bit challenging. But I did mange to get a reasonably good microphone that has done a good job in filtering out background noises. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u65e9\u57282020\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u8981\u4e70\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u3002\u5ec9\u4ef7\u7684\u65e7\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u5927\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u201c\u884c\u52a8\u7ba1\u5236\u4ee4 – Movement Control Order\u201d (\u51e0\u5468\u6765\u51e0\u4e4e\u5bf9\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u6d41\u52a8\u5b9e\u884c\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u6027\u7684\u9650\u5236)\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u8d2d\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u201c\u884c\u52a8\u7ba1\u5236\u4ee4\u201d\u653e\u5bbd\u540e\u6211\u786e\u5b9e\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u597d\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u6ee4\u9664\u80cc\u666f\u566a\u97f3\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n The camera that came with the laptop was another issue. It was not versatile enough to give a good view of me for my lectures. Luckily my son’s ‘hand-me-down” Logitech webcam came in handy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u9644\u5e26\u7684\u7167\u76f8\u673a\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u591f\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u6f14\u793a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u513f\u5b50\u6709\u4e2a\u65e7\u7684\u201c\u4f20\u201d\u7ed9\u6211\uff0c\u8fd9\u7f57\u6280\u7f51\u7edc\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u6d3e\u4e0a\u4e86\u7528\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n As I had to “see” and ‘hear” what my students were seeing and hearing at their classroom in China, I knew that I would have to set up another DingTalk account on my old laptop. I would run DingTalk simultaneously but to avoid the “echo and feedback” effects I had to use a headphone to listen to my own live broadcast. The time lag was around 10 seconds for my live broadcast to reach my students in China. This served me fine in my monitoring of my own online classes in a “live” manner.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u968f\u65f6\u201c\u770b\u5230\u201d\u548c\u201c\u542c\u5230\u201d\u6211\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u5b66\u751f\u6240\u770b\u5230\u548c\u542c\u5230\u7684\u89c6\u9891\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6211\u7684\u65e7\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9489\u9489\u5e10\u6237\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u4e24\u90e8\u7535\u8111\u8fd0\u884c\u9489\u9489\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u201c\u56de\u58f0\u548c\u53cd\u9988\u201d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8033\u673a\u6765\u542c\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u73b0\u573a\u76f4\u64ad\u3002\u6211\u7684\u76f4\u64ad\u65f6\u95f4\u6ede\u540e\u4e86\u5927\u7ea610\u79d2\uff0c\u8fd9\u521a\u597d\u8ba9\u6211\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u76f4\u64ad\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n For communication with the class monitor (\u73ed\u957f\uff09 and\/or class learning committee representative \uff08\u5b66\u59d4), I would have a direct chat line opened with one of these class leaders so that they would be able to alert me of any issues while the live broadcast was going on. Thus I would have to monitor WeChat too during class.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0e\u73ed\u957f\u548c\/\u6216\u5b66\u59d4\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u73ed\u9886\u8896\u5f00\u901a\u4e00\u6761\u76f4\u63a5\u804a\u5929\u7ebf\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u76f4\u64ad\u671f\u95f4\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u5e38\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u76d1\u63a7\u5fae\u4fe1<\/p>\n\n\n\n As all the classroom’s computer, projector and sound systems were kept in lock and key, to make life easier for my class leaders, I had, at the start of each semester, sent out an “SOS” message to all my teaching colleagues, alerting them of the locations of my classes. I sought out their help to, if they were having classes nearby, unlock these teaching gears for my class leader(s) for them to set up the PC, projector and sound systems before the start of each class. The “show” would commence as soon as I receive a “all ok” signal (in this case just a “2”) from one of the students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7531\u4e8e\u6559\u5ba4\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7535\u8111\u3001\u6295\u5f71\u4eea\u548c\u97f3\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u9501\u5f97\u4e25\u4e25\u5b9e\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u7684\u73ed\u957f\/\u5b66\u59d4\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u540c\u4e8b\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6c42\u6551\u201d\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u73ed\u5b66\u751f\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7684\u8bfe\u5ba4\u3002\u6211\u6073\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u9644\u8fd1\u4e0a\u8bfe\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8282\u8bfe\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u73ed\u957f\/\u5b66\u59d4\u6253\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6559\u5b66\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u8bfe\u524d\u542f\u52a8\u8bfe\u5ba4\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u6295\u5f71\u4eea\u548c\u97f3\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u4f1a\u53d1\u6211\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c2\u201d\u4fe1\u53f7\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u6211\u201c\u5f00\u9523\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n Needless to say, not every class could proceed smoothly, technology and people had a way in messing up plans. One of my classes was late in the evening, and in one of the sessions my class monitor could not find a staff member to unlock the teaching gears (and that was the day when the “supervising staff” was not at the class early). It took my “SOS” call to my School’s academic administrative colleague to send someone to the rescue! There were also times when either the PC or the projector (or the sound system) or the internet access was not behaving properly. But credits to my different class leaders in different classes, they somehow managed to get these systems working again in good time. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe\u90fd\u80fd\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u548c\u4eba\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u628a\u8ba1\u5212\u641e\u7838\u3002\u8bb0\u5f97\u6211\u6709\u4e00\u5802\u8bfe\u662f\u6392\u5230\u508d\u665a\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe\u4e0a\uff0c\u73ed\u957f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u6559\u5de5\u4eba\u5458\u6253\u5f00\u6559\u5b66\u88c5\u7f6e (\u6070\u597d\u5f53\u5929\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u8001\u5e08\u8fd8\u6ca1\u5230\u8bfe\u5ba4 – \u76d1\u7763\u8001\u5e08\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5168\u7a0b\u5728\u8bfe\u5ba4\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u7a81\u51fb\u201d\u68c0\u67e5\uff09\u3002\u63a5\u5230\u73ed\u957f\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u6211\u8d76\u7d27\u8054\u7edc\u6211\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u884c\u653f\u540c\u4e8b\u6d3e\u4eba\u53bb\u201c\u6551\u63f4\u201c\uff01\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8bfe\u5ba4\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u6295\u5f71\u4eea(\u6216\u58f0\u97f3\u7cfb\u7edf)\u6216\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u4e0d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u5f88\u5e78\u8fd0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u5404\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u73ed\u7684\u73ed\u957f\/\u5b66\u59d4\u4eec\u5728\u9762\u4e34\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\u90fd\u8bbe\u6cd5\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7f51\u8bfe\u90fd\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n So in every live broadcast lecture I would be: \u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u76f4\u64ad\u8bb2\u5ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u4f1a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n So there you are, I had to monitor at least six different screens for sound and video! Most were things that a person delivering face-to-face lectures would not have to worry about! All these constant (and at times simultaneous) monitoring and keeping alert were very taxing on my energy to say the least.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u76d1\u89c6\u81f3\u5c11\u516d\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u548c\u89c6\u9891\uff01\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\uff01\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6301\u7eed\u7684\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u7684\uff09\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u89c9\uff0c\u662f\u5438\u53d6\u6211\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n On top of that, I had to be aware of my own internet connection and bandwidth (and power supply) which to the credit of these utility suppliers in Malaysia, I did not face any cut in services during any of my classes over the 30 months period. I did had a couple of incidences when my “better half” accidentally dropped a metal mug cover and the lid to a cooking pot very near the closed door of the room where I had my live broadcast. My students nevertheless did not complain, a consolation perhaps?<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u7535\u6e90\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bbe\u65bd\u4f9b\u5e94\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u768430\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u9762\u4e34\u4efb\u4f55\u670d\u52a1\u524a\u51cf\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u786e\u5b9e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u51e0\u6b21\u610f\u5916\uff1a \u6709\u6b21\u6211\u7684\u201c\u53e6\u4e00\u534a\u201d\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u91d1\u5c5e\u676f\u5b50\u76d6\u5728\u6211\u201d\u4e66\u623f\u201c\u95e8\u5916\u6389\u4e0b\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u6b21\u5979\u5c06\u716e\u9505\u76d6\u5b50\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u65b9\u6389\u4e0b\uff01\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u5230\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u7684\u6295\u8bc9\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u6170\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n Even before the online teaching stint, I had already put almost all of my assignments and coursework on the “online submission” mode. This was because I had a fall while pushing my electric bicycle up a ramp on campus on April 25, 2019, this had resulted in a broken right wrist and I could not even hold up a single piece of paper for days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u5b66\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u6211\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e1a\u90fd\u653e\u5728\u4e86\u201c\u5728\u7ebf\u63d0\u4ea4\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a2019\u5e744\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u91cc\u63a8\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u4e0a\u5761\u65f6\u6454\u4e86\u4e00\u8de4\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u53f3\u624b\u8155\u9aa8\u6298\uff0c\u51e0\u5929\u6765\u8fde\u4e00\u5f20\u7eb8\u90fd\u62ff\u4e0d\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n At that time my application of online submission initially was a bit crude (students emailed their lab reports shot on mobile cameras to me for grading). But I soon learned, to my great advantage later on, to use wen-juan-wang<\/em>\u95ee\u5377\u7f51<\/a> \uff08an online survey platform that could handle marking\/collecting\/compilation of data\/upload of documents etc.) coupled with QQ documents to lay out readings and other assignment content\/questions to run my online assessment system rather efficiently and effectively. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u63d0\u4ea4\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u70b9\u7c97\u7cd9\uff08\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5c06\u624b\u673a\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u62cd\u6444\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u62a5\u544a\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u6211\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u5206\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u95ee\u5377\u7f51\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6211\u540e\u6765\u7f51\u8bfe\u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u95ee\u5377\u7f51<\/a>\u662f\u53ef\u5904\u7406\u6807\u8bb0\/\u6536\u96c6\/\u6c47\u7f16\u6570\u636e\/\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u8c03\u67e5\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u4e0aQQ\u6587\u6863\u6765\u5e03\u7f6e\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5185\u5bb9\/\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u6211\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\nA shaky start to my online teaching class \u6211\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5f00\u59cb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u8bb2\u5e08\u6240\u5728\u5730\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a <\/strong>\u4e00\u4f4d\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u96ea\u5170\u83aa\u5dde\u68b3\u90a6\u518d\u4e5f\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u9760\u8fd1\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b66\u6c49\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
\u5b66\u751f\u6240\u5728\u5730<\/strong>\uff1a <\/strong>\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5bb6\u91cc\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u5728\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u5404\u5730\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u4f4f\u5728\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u57ce\u9547\uff0c\u800c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5219\u4f4f\u5728\u504f\u8fdc\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u3002\uff08\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u5e26\u5bbd\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u5b66\u5e73\u53f0<\/strong>\uff1a<\/strong>\u9489\u9489\uff08\u76f4\u64ad\uff09\u3001\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\uff08\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66PowerPoint\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bfe\u5802\u4e92\u52a8\u5f15\u64ce\uff09\u548cQQ\u7fa4\u804a\uff08\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5907\u7528\u76f4\u64ad\u5e73\u53f0\uff09\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5fae\u4fe1\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u73ed\u957f\/\u5b66\u59d4\u548c\u8001\u5e08\u4e4b\u95f4\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba9\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u751f\u52a0\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fae\u4fe1\u7fa4\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u73ed\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u9489\u9489\uff08QQ\u7fa4\u804a\u4e3a\u5907\u7528\u5e73\u53f0\uff09\u4e0e\u6559\u5e08\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u817e\u8baf\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u8be5\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u6709\u70b9\u590d\u6742\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u817e\u8baf\u4f1a\u8bae\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n![\"Dingtalk](\"http:\/\/slc4u.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u5468\u6c38\u80fd-\u8087\u5e86\u5b66\u9662\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662-Life-Sciences-College-of-Zhaoqing-University-sky.zqu_.edu_.cn_-scaled.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\nAugust 2020 – the return of staff & students on campus, but NOT ME<\/em>! 2020\u5e748\u6708-\u6559\u804c\u5458\u5de5\u548c\u5b66\u751f\u91cd\u8fd4\u6821\u56ed\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u6211<\/em>!<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\u5728\u5b66\u671f\u672b\uff0c\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u6211\u9662\u5411\u6559\u52a1\u5904\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e00\u4efd\u5173\u4e8e\u6211\u6240\u6559\u7684\u6bcf\u95e8\u8bfe\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
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<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\nAdapting face-to-face presentation for online classes \u8c03\u6574\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u6f14\u793a\u4e3a\u5728\u7ebf\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/a>\n
Tools and Gears for online delivery of classes \u5728\u7ebf\u6388\u8bfe\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8bbe\u5907<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\u5c06PowerPoint\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0e\u96e8\u8bfe\u5802\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u5c06\u88ab\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u5c06\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\uff08\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u9891\u770b\u6211\u7684PowerPoint\u6f14\u793a\u6587\u7a3f\uff0c\u5b83\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u6f14\u793a\u8005\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
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