Callus establishement


      Callus establishment in vitro can
      be divided into three stages:

1. Induction: Cells prepare for division.
From most kinds of plants callus can be
established relatively easy; in dicots,
monocots, gymnosperms, ferns and
mosses. Tissues from many organs may
have the potential to divide and proliferate
on appropriate culture media, however,
some tissues are more predisposed to
rapid cell division than others.
2. Cell division: Active cell division,
cells revert to a meristematic
(dedifferentiated) state.
3. Differentiation: Appearance of cellular
differentiation and the expression of
secondary metabolic pathways.